paiepibld



2 t e e h S .W e e. h 1 L E I F R I A P M a d 0 M o W 'TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented July 5, 1892.

D I avwe mtoz I affo'cmfi j Z I witmeooo 61% said standards near its ends by means of 'ments. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same.

which the improvements made the subject- WEI-M 'Jonn MFAIRFIELD, or HARTFORD, connnc'ricu'r, iissieivoii ro -reg AMERioANwRriune MACHINE COMPANY, or saint PLACE.

: TYPE-WRITING MACHINE. 1

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed March 273, 1892.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. FAIRFIELD, a' citizen of the United'States, and a resident of Hartford, in the county of Hartford andState of Connecticut, have invented .certain new and useful Improvements in 'lype-lVriting Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

In machines having wide carriages great difficulty has heretofore been experienced on account of the sway, vibration, or skew of the carriage, which, as is well known, results in" imperfect alignment in'the printing.

The main object of the present jnvention is, therefore, to obviate this ditliculty and provide efficient means for steadying, support-- ing, and properly guiding the paper carriage of a type-writing machine.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the several improvements, Figure l is a top plan view of so much of a type-writing machine as is necessary to show the improve- Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section taken at-thc line as a: of Fig. 1. Fig. a is an enlarged detail view to show the construction of the guiding and steadying rollers. Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken at the line 3 y of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical cross-section taken at the line 2' z of Fig. l.v

In the several. views the same part will be found designated by the same numeral of reference.

The machine illustrated is of that description commonly known as the Galigraph, to

matter hereof have been applied. 7

1 designates the top plate or type-ring, securedto, suitable frame-work 2. At each end of thetop plate is attached by screws a standard or bracket 3, the upper end of which is grooved to receive theunder side of a carriage guide-rail a. This rail is secured to screws 5, which pass up vertically through said standards and engage threaded holes on the under side-of the guide-rail. Below said guide-rail and-parallel therewith is arranged a rod 6, the ends of which are supported in the brackets or standards. The guide-railis.

Patent No. 478,228, dated July 5, 1892. Serial No. 426,078. '(NO model.)

longed to extend on each side beyond the brackets or standards.

7 designates the usual cylindrical platen, mounted to turn on an axleS, supported at its ends in the end bars 9 and 10 of the carriage-frame, consisting, essentially, of said end bars and. a back rod 11 and a front rod 12.

13 designates a yoke-piece,whieh is provided with downwardly and rearwardly extending arms 14., the lower ends of which are perforated to slide upon the guide --rail l. Through perforations in the upper ends of said arms the back rod ll of the carriageframe is passed, said .rod' between said arms preferably resting iii a groove or depression 15, formed in the yoke-piece. In order to prevent the back rod- 11 from turning in the upper ends of the arms, pins 16 are passed through said arms and through the back rod, thussecurely fastening the rod to said arms'and preventing any motion of the carriage about said red as a pivot or center. The construction is such that when it may be desired to lift the platen to inspect the work on the under side thereof the movemeuttakes place about the guide-raila-s a center or pivot. llinged upon the guide-rail by two eyes 17, arranged between the arms It, is a rack-bar frame orsupport 18, which at each end is formed or provided with a comparatively long arm 19, bearing atits end an anti-friction roller 20, which is grooved to match the curvature of the guiderail and which runs in contact with said guiderail on its rear side during the back-and-forth movements of the carriage. In order to maintain these rollers in proper working relation to tho guide-rail, they are each preferably mounted to turn about a cam or eccentric -21, which is secured to and upon the arm 19 by a screw In setting the rollers for action the eccentrics are turned to carry the rollers against the guide-rail with the requisite degree of pressure or contact. The screws are then tightened, the heads or flanges of the screws bearing down upon the tops of the eccentrics and holding them stationary upon the arms 19, thus leaving the rollers freeto rotate about the eccentrics.

So far as the main feature of this invention is concerned the provision for adjustment of the rollers may be eliminated; but inasmuch as it has been found in practice that it is rather a difficult matter to so make the parts tlratthe rollers will always contact with or bear-withthe properdegreeof pressu re against the guide-rail if mounted upon mere pivotpins it is highly desirable to provide some means. for adjusting the rollers to the guiderail in the manner described.

While the devices 20 are made in the form of rollers in order to prevent friction as much as possible, it is not essential that they be so made. What is required is a construction which affords to the carriage a longer support or hearing, in order that the twisting or skewing strains to which the'carriage is subjected, more particularly at the beginning and ending of its travel, may be avoided. In providing for this increased support or hearing for the carriage it will be observed that the guide-rail has been extended on each side past the bracket or standard and that the arm 19 on each side of the rack-bar frameis made of a length substantially equal to that of the extension on each side of the guide-rail. By arranging the rollers or bearers 20 at the extremities of the arms 19 it will be observed that the hearing or support of the carriage is considerably increased and is continued, practically, to the extremities of the guide-rail 4 when the carriage is at either end of its line of travel. In otherwords, when the carriage is atthe extreme right the right-hand roller or bearer 20 extends out to the right-hand end of theguiderail, and when the earriage'is at theextreme left of the machine the left-hand roller or bearer extends out to the left-hand end ofthe guiderail. The travel of the carriage is limited in either direction by the standards or brackets or by stops or pins secured thereto, against which the lower ends of the arms 14 abut. From the above it will be understood, therefore, that the bearers 20 maybe made in the form of slides instead of rollers, since in either case they would perform the function of supporting and steadying or guiding the carriage during its excursions. Although it is preferred to have the bearers grooved, as shown, it is not absolutely essential.

23 designates the stationary t'eed-rack, and 24 the reciprocatory spring-actuated feedraelc of the Caligraph, both said racks being adapted to co-operate with a spacing-dog 25 in the usual manner. The rack 23 is atfixed to the frame or support 18 by screws 26. It is also aflixed to the arms 19 by screws 27, which take into a lug 28, formed on each arm. Thus the arms 19 serve the function, also, of assisting in the support of the feed-rack. The rack 24 is slotted, as usual, and connected tothe rack 23 by means of screws 29,a spring 30 being connected at one end to the rack 23 and at the other end to the rack 24 to throw the latter toward the left when the spacingdog is vibrated forwardly into the rack 23., To the fixed rack is connected it link o1, which, as heretofore, is connected to the d rivingpower of the machine. 1

The eyes 17 of the hinged rack-bar frame are provided each in front of the guide-rail with a forward projection 32 the guide-rail and the rod 6 with a down ward lug or projection 33. When the carriage is down in working position, a screw or pin 34, extending from the yoke-piece, bears upon each of said projections 32, so that the weight of the carriage may operate to reel: slightly the rack-bar frame andlift slightly the feedracks in order to relieve the spacing-dog of the weight of the feed-racks and'their sup port. But for this construction the feedrael s would drop to such an extent that the bases of the notches of the racks would bear upon the top edge of the spacing-dog, which would be objectionable, forit would increase the friction and destroy the perfect operationof the feed of the carriage. 1

During the time that the carriage is down in working position the lugs or projections 33 stand slightly awayfrom the rod 6; but when the carriage is turned up for inspection of the work and the screws Eli are moved away from the projectionsf32, thus allowing the feed-rack support to drop, the lugs or projections 33 come in contact with the rod 6 and relieve the spacing-dogs of some of the weight of the rack-bar frame and of the carriage,

which in its upturned position restsuponthe rack-bar frame.

When it may be desired to release the carriage from the escapement mechanism, the rack-bar frame may he swung up about its hinged connection with the guide-rail and the carriage thus moved quickly forward or backward, the rack 23 being preferably provided with a handle to facilitate the raising of the racks. So far as the main feature of the invention is concerned the rack-bar frame need not be hinged.

The front rod of the carriage is provided with two anti-friction rollers 36, which ride upon a track or way 37, mounted on supports :38, rising from the top plate, This track or way is preferably extended on each side a considerable distance beyond the supports 38 in order to provide a longer support forthe front side of the carriage.

The track or way is preferably provided with a scale-bar 39, which, as shown, is graduated or marked from 0 up to 120, indicating that one hundred andtwenty characters may be printed upon a line, which is nearly twice as many as caube written with? theordinary machine. 0n the front rod is an ndex or pointer 40 to co-operate with said scale and indicate the progress of the carriage in the usual way. Upon' the front rod is also mounted an adjustable stop 41, which is clamped to the rod by a set-screw 42, and

and in rear of roe which. is adapted to strike against a stop 43 regulate the width otrnargin at the left-otr 'uide-ra-il and a rack-bar frame havin at b each end an arm extending in thedire'ction of travel of the paper-carriage and provided with a bearer for contact with the said guiderail. v

2. In a type-writing machine,.the combination, with a guide-rail and a paper-carriage,

of a yoke-piece secured to said carriage and hinged upon saidrail and a rack-bar frame also hinged upon said rail and provided at each end'with an arm having a bearer for.

contact with said rail. 3. In a type-writing machine, the combinationof the top plate, the standards, the guide- 1 1 v 1 real secured to said standards and progecting ,25 beyond the same, tl1e yoke-piece hinged to said gpide-rail, the paper-carriage secured to said yoke-piece, the rack-ban frame hinged to said guide-rail, and the arms 19, extendin on ":each side from-said rack-bar frame and proovided each was a bearer for contact with saidguide-raih v 4. In a type writin g machine, the combination of the guide-rail, the stop-rod arranged beneath and parallel therewith, the yoke-piece 3 5 hinged upon said guido-railand provided with vertical contact pins or screws, and the rackbar frame hinged upon the said guide-rail and provided with forwardly-extending pro jections adapted to be acted upon by said 0 pins ,or screws to slightly elevate the said feed-racks when the carriage is down in w0rking position. v

5. Ina type-writing machine, the combination or" the guide-rail, the stop-rod arranged 4 5 heneath and parallel therewith, the yoke-piece 'liinged upon said guide-rail, the paper-car'- fisqe rigidly connected to said y0ke-piece,

. "5 the, rack-bar frame provided with down- I wardprojeetions adapted to contact with said stop-rod when the carriage is turned up and back and rests upon the rack-bar frame.

6. In a-type-writing machine,'the com'binr tion of the guide-rail seated in grooves in' the upper ends of standards and prolonged to extend beyond'said standards, the yoke-piece hinged upon said guide-rail, the paper-car riage rigidly connected to said yoke-piece, the rack-bar frame connected to said guide-rail, and the arms 19, extending outwardly in opposite directions from said rack bar frame and provided each with a bearer adapted to travel in contact with said guide-rail past the standard'to or near the free unsupportedend of the guide-rail.

7.2111 a type-writing machine, the combination of the guide-rail, the yoke-piece hinged thereto, the paper-carriage rigidlyconnected to the yoke-piece, the rack-bar frame connected to the guide-railyanclthe arms 19, made integral with the rack-bar frame and provided each with grooved anti-friction rollers adapted to ride in contact with said guide-rail.

8, In a type-writing machine, the combine tion of the guide-rail, the yoke-piece, the platen, and the rack-bar frame provided with the arms 19, hearing each an anti-friction roller, and means for-adjusting said roller to said guide-rail.

91 In a'r,,ty e -.w-riting machine, the combination, with;the-lguide-rail, the yokespiece, the platen, the melt-bar frame; and the arms 19, of the-anti-friction rollers, the adjusting-eccentrics, andthe retaining-screws.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage, a guide-rail, a yokepiece connected to-said paper-carriage and arranged to slide on said guide-rail, and a pair of longit-udinally-disposed arms connected to the paper-carriage and provided each with a bearer for-contact with the said guide-rail.

Signed-at Hartford, in the county of liartford and. State of Connecticut, this 21st day of March, A. Il). 1892.

' JOHN M. FAIRFIELD.

Witnesses:

CHAS. '1. WELcH,

HARRY M. HIFFLON. 

